慢查询有什么用?
它能记录下所有执行超过long_query_time时间的SQL语句,帮你找到执行慢的SQL,方便我们对这些SQL进行优化。
测试用 MySQL 版本:Server version: 5.6.10-log Source distribution
未做任何慢日志设置时。
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mysql> show variables like "%query%";
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| Variable_name | Value |
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| binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF |
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| ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 |
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| have_query_cache | YES |
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| long_query_time | 10.000000 |
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| query_alloc_block_size | 8192 |
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| query_cache_limit | 1048576 |
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| query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 |
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| query_cache_size | 1048576 |
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| query_cache_type | OFF |
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| query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF |
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| query_prealloc_size | 8192 |
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| slow_query_log | OFF |
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| slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/data/Betty-slow.log |
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13 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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mysql>
修改配置文件,开启 slow log 。
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[root@Betty data]# vi /etc/my.cnf
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# For advice on how to change settings please see
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# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
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# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
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# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
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# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
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[mysqld]
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# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
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# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
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# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
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# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
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# changes to the binary log between backups.
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log_bin=mysql-bin
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slow_query_log=on
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slow_query_log_file=mysql-slow
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long_query_time=2
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# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
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# basedir = .....
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# datadir = .....
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# port = .....
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# server_id = .....
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# socket = .....
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# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
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# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
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# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
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# join_buffer_size = 128M
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# sort_buffer_size = 2M
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# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
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sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
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[mysql]
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socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
重启 MySQL 。
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[root@Betty data]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart
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Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
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Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
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[root@Betty data]#
查看 slow log 。
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[root@Betty data]# ll mysql-slow
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-rw-rw
重新查看系统变量值。
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mysql>
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mysql> show variables like "%query%";
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| Variable_name | Value |
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| binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF |
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| ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 |
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| have_query_cache | YES |
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| long_query_time | 2.000000 |
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| query_alloc_block_size | 8192 |
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| query_cache_limit | 1048576 |
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| query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 |
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| query_cache_size | 1048576 |
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| query_cache_type | OFF |
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| query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF |
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| query_prealloc_size | 8192 |
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| slow_query_log | ON |
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| slow_query_log_file | mysql-slow |
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13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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mysql>
查看新生成的 slow log 的内容。
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[root@Betty data]# cat mysql-slow
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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld, Version: 5.6.10-log (Source distribution). started with:
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Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: (null)
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Time Id Command Argument
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[root@Betty data]#
测试 slow log 。
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mysql>
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mysql> select 1;
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| 1 |
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| 1 |
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1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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mysql>
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mysql> select sleep(1);
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| sleep(1) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (1.00 sec)
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mysql>
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mysql>
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mysql> select sleep(3);
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| sleep(3) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (3.00 sec)
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mysql>
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mysql> select sleep(4);
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| sleep(4) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (4.01 sec)
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mysql>
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mysql>
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mysql> select sleep(5);
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| sleep(5) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (5.00 sec)
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mysql> select sleep(2);
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| sleep(2) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (2.01 sec)
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mysql>
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mysql> select sleep(1);
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| sleep(1) |
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| 0 |
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1 row in set (1.00 sec)
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mysql> select 2;
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| 2 |
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| 2 |
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1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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mysql>
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(责任编辑:最模板) |